Geography 291: Geospatial Analysis with Desktop GIS

Chapter 1 

I went into Chapter 1 thinking ArcGIS Pro was just going to be pretty difficult considering I am not a big tech-person. I was wrong, the clear directions made it much easier and the only thing that overwhelmed me was the number of buttons! ArcGIS Pro is less of a “map maker” and more of a massive logic puzzle. What started as a simple view of health clinics in Allegheny County turned into a lesson on how data is actually constructed. It truly did help me understand that a map is simply just data, just in visual form.  Seeing population density break down into individual pixels was a reminder that GIS isn’t a perfect mirror of the world, it is an estimate. This statement brought me back to earlier discussions about how GIS users may have too much power, knowing that it can’t be as precise as we thought it could be makes me feel better. When I look at a map now, I think about how we are just looking at a decision someone made about where one pixel ends and another begins. Navigating the interface was also a bit of a learning curve. Features would disappear when I zoomed out, which felt like a bug at first. I eventually realized it’s a design choice to keep the map from looking like a cluttered mess. By the time I had the FQHC clinics layered over the poverty data, the patterns jumped out: specialized care is where the people are, but access to that care is a much more complicated story than just placing a dot on a screen.

 

Chapter 2

Chapter 2 forced me to rethink my sense of what is truthful in data. I used to think a map was just a factual representation, but this chapter proved that you could take the exact same dataset and tell three different stories just by changing the classification method. In saying that, I take back my statement of a map being a visual representation of data; in a way it is, though in another it is not. I spent way too much time toggling between Quantile and Natural Breaks. It’s mind-boggling how a Quantile map can make a neighborhood look like it’s in a state of emergency, while a Defined Interval map makes that same neighborhood looks perfectly fine. There isn’t always a right way to symbolize data, which is actually kind of terrifying when you think about how these maps influence policy. I am going back to my belief of GIS users having too much power, and this power is definitely being overlooked.

 

Chapter 3

In this last chapter, I learned how easy it is to get lost in the data and forget that someone who doesn’t know GIS will have to look at this. The shift from the “Analysis” view to the “Layout” view was surprisingly stressful. Suddenly, I’m worried about legend alignment and especially the font sizes (I spent a little too much time messing with that). Working on the layouts showed me that a map is only as good as its delivery. It’s a reminder that GIS is as much about translation as it is about geography. Though, the most interesting part was moving into Story Maps and Dashboards. That’s where the data actually starts to make total sense. Instead of a static PDF, you’re giving the user the power to click around and find their own answers. However, that also feels like losing control. If I set up a pop-up poorly or the zoom level is off, the user might miss the entire point of my work. In a way, it is a semi-risky choice of sharing information, but it definitely feels like the future of how we’ll consume spatial data.

Chapter 1:

       The previous book we read through by Mitchell did a decent job at preparing students for the actual GIS system tutorial manual. However, doing things hands-on has enabled me to better understand certain aspects of GIS. I’m not very tech-oriented, so I knew that adjusting to things like saving files correctly and typing on the new keyboard would be a hurdle for me. However, following the instructions laid out within the manual was not as difficult as I thought it would be. Each chapter is separated into different tutorial sections that teach different aspects of ArcGIS. Each section also has a designated file you work on. In Chapter 1, these different sections are as listed: Tutorial 1-1 Getting an overview of ArcGIS Pro, Tutorial 1-2 Navigating ArcGIS Pro, Tutorial 1-3 Working with attribute data, and Tutorial 1-4 Symbolizing maps. For Tutorial 1-1, we learned how to open an ArcGIS Pro project and navigate the ArcGIS Pro interface, including understanding basic GIS concepts along with navigating the map and its layers. For example, this section introduced bookmarks, which were helpful to understand for future chapters. It also showed us how to turn layers on and off, as well as re-order layers within the contents pane. Tutorial 1-2 taught us how to correctly use a pop-up window, as well as how to search for a feature. Tutorial 1-3 was also helpful as it showed us how to work with attribute data through editing the data within the fields view of the table, and how to use tools to obtain summary statistics. Lastly, Tutorial 1-4 delves into how to interact with feature classes through adding/ removing them, giving them symbols, and giving them labels. Question: Which skills from Chapter 1 will be used most frequently throughout the rest of my learning how to use ArcGIS Pro?

Picture: Tutorial 1-1

Picture: Tutorial 1-3

Chapter 2:

        Throughout the various tutorials, I liked how for more precise sets of instructions, they gave us “your turn” assignments where we repeated the previous task again, but in a different way. It allowed me to better remember and understand what I had done previously. As stated previously, each chapter is separated into different tutorial sections that teach different aspects of ArcGIS. Chapter two is focused on map design, with it being separated into the following sections: Tutorial 2-1 Symbolizing qualitative attributes, Tutorial 2-2 Labeling features and configuring pop-ups, Tutorial 2-3 Filtering with definition queries,  Tutorial 2-4 Creating choropleth maps for quantitative attributes, Tutorial 2-5 Displaying data using graduated and proportional point symbols, Tutorial 2-6 Normalizing population maps with custom scales, Tutorial 2-7 Creating a dot density map, and finally Tutorial 2-8 Setting visibility ranges. I won’t go into too much detail of every individual tutorial section, as the titles are somewhat self-explanatory. However, I will share some experiences. In Tutorial 2-5, I remember accidentally renaming the wrong layer and editing on top of features that should’ve been displayed alongside my edits. I understood what mistake I made in order not to repeat it in the future. Also, changing the symbology of a layer/feature is something that was done in almost every section of Chapter 2. It really familiarized me with how to change the color and size of a symbol. The same occurred with renaming layers within the contents pane, as I now feel familiar with the action. I also became much faster at opening and naming files in chapter 2 as I had repeated the action many times over. Question: How do we decide which symbology method to choose? I did not understand the different methods in relation to the numbers they visually display. 

Photo: Tutorial 2-4

Photo: Tutorial 2-8

Chapter 3:

           Chapter 3 is less focused on how to make the maps and more focused on how to share these maps with individuals who don’t have ArcGIS Pro or any GIS skills. It also takes you off the ArcGIS programming platform and onto the ArcGIS Online website to show various methods of sharing maps on ArcGIS Online. Because of this, chapter 3 is not structured like chapters 1 and 2, with each tutorial section correlating with a designated ArcGIS file. Instead, it has ArcGIS file tutorials for within the program and outside the program. With the tutorials that were within the program being Tutorial 3-1 Building layouts and charts, and Tutorial 3-2 Sharing maps online. Sections that described how to perform actions within ArcGIS online were sections Tutorial 3-3 Creating a story and a briefing in ArcGIS StoryMaps, and Tutorial 3-4 Creating a dashboard in ArcGIS Dashboards. I struggled the most with this chapter because the instructions for what actions to perform for the ArcGIS online sections seemed to be outdated, with instruction names sometimes not correlating with the names on my screen. I also just struggled in general with jumping to a semi-new platform after being on ArcGIS Pro for two introductory chapters. I feel they could have introduced ArcGIS Online in later chapters. In the Tutorial 3-1 section, we were taught how to build a layout for our maps and charts. It reminded me of doing graphic design, with having to place images within select measured areas using various tools. The Tutorial 3-2 section was fairly simplistic, with it teaching how to properly adjust settings in order to publicly share a map within ArcGIS Pro. This is when the chapter introduced ArcGIS online, as we adjusted this shared map within the online program. Tutorial section 3-3 showed how to create a story and a briefing within ArcGIS online, both of which are streamlined ways for others to view and interact with your GIS map/data. Tutorial section 3-4 taught something similar, showing us how to create a Dashboard, creating another way to clearly outline and visualize our data within the platform. Question: When using ArcGIS online, what is the purpose of sharing/creating a story vs a briefing? What purposes do each hold? 

Picture: Tutorial 3-1

Chapter 1 

Starting off opening ArcGIS I was a little overwhelmed with all of the options and the layout of everything. But after looking at the tutorial in the book I found it very easy to follow. This chapter walked through opening projects, adding data, and understanding how layers stack and interact on the map. It focused a lot of basic tools like the zooming, panning, and how to access tables and bookmarks which I’d imagine are essential to know when going forward. I also liked how before and after every project it told me to save and where to save it to make it a habit. 

Chapter 2    

This chapter introduced how to add, organize, and manage different types of data in a project, which helped me understand how layers actually come together to build a map. It showed how to explore attribute fields more deeply like using the sorting, filtering, and selecting records for basic data. The tutorial also explored using the symbology tool which had a lot more applications than I initially thought. I thought it was cool how as you zoomed in the more in depth a building or place would get. Overall, this chapter made the software feel less overwhelming and showed how much control I have over how data is displayed. 

 

Chapter 3

This chapter walked through running tools like Clip, Buffer, or Select By Location, which helped me see how spatial relationships can be analyzed instead of just viewed. It was also nice how the book would explain the purpose or the end goal of clicking on things instead of just blindly leading you. It helped me understand why I would press something and in what cases I would. Just like the picture below I thought it was cool how you could make and design papers or projects on the program. I also really like designing the graphs like the chart in the tutorial that visualize numbers. This chapter made me realize how cool of a resource ArcGIS is and how I might be able to use it the future.

Tutorial 1-2 (Use Bookmarks), steps 4-8 undone: On the Map tab, in the Navigate group, click Bookmarks > New Bookmark. –> cannot create new bookmark, cannot manage bookmarks either

Learning the names of the different parts of the software has been a little difficult (i.e: pane, tab, group.) I’ve worked in Excel before, so I’ve used similarly laid out software, but I didn’t know what each sub-group was called. These tutorials are very rewarding since they give enough information to gently guide you through each step the first time, and then give less instruction so that you can internalize it and puzzle pieces out if you forget where something is. It’s very satisfying to see things work how they’re supposed to. The visibility range for labels has been the most fascinating tool for me. I like how simple, yet useful it is. Chapter 3 was interesting because I recently saw a dashboard that must have been built the same way, and it was interesting to see it in action. It isn’t something I would have recognized before. Typing more on the PCs was also neat because I have worked almost entirely on laptops in the past, meaning the keyboard was kind of foreign to me; I’m used to flatter keys. I’m not sure why my screenshots are so blurry; they look fine on my computer, so maybe it’s something to do with WordPress.

Chapter 1

I learned how to start making a basic map using GIS software. I practiced adding layers to a map and understanding how different layers represent different types of information, like locations, boundaries, and features. I also learned how to navigate the map, zoom in and out, and adjust how the data is displayed. I found this tutorial very easy, and starting out with Allegheny, Pennsylvania, made me feel very confident.

Chapter 2

I learned how to improve a map by using colors and symbology to represent different parts of a city. I worked on changing the appearance of map layers so that different areas were easier to see and understand. This helped show how maps can communicate information visually, not just display locations. The most challenging part for me was finding and selecting the exact colors needed for each section.

Chapter 3

I worked on creating two different maps, which made this chapter the most challenging for me. I had to repeat many of the same steps for the second map, and I often got lost trying to remember what to do next. This chapter helped me practice staying organized and understanding the full mapping process from start to finish. I also struggled with creating and formatting the title rectangles, but after some trial and error I was able to figure it out.

 

Chapter 1 Tutorials:

Chapter one focused a lot on how to navigate through the basic aspects of the Arc Gis software such as the contents bar and how the layers are oriented, the various Ribbon tabs and some of their basic functions and how to change details such as Symbology. The next focus of this chapter was introducing how to represent your data in various ways depending on its contexts. This consisted of changing basic aspects of vector data such as line color, changing how raster data can be effectively shown for various data groups, and how changing the orientation of your layers will change what a map represents. This chapter was not too hard to follow along to but it definitely was a lot of material to digest and recall in the your turn sections. I could see myself understanding what we have read about in past weeks better now that I was able to use some of the topics hands on. I also found it way more engaging when the maps were represent real studies and problems that were made more clear as I went through the steps in the chapter.

 

Chapter 2 Tutorials:

Chapter two focused a lot on how you represent the data on your maps and how this helps you tell an effective story. It discussed how to change the physical aspects of your map so that it is clean and effectively represents each area when you are zoomed in or out along with having your points represented in various icons to give a better visual comparison. This chapter also touched on 3D mapping which I found super interesting once I figured out how to properly do the steps in the program. I never expected this to be an option for representing map data and this chapter really showed me how in depth this program is and how many small things there are within the program to make sure you can effectively represent your data. I did struggle with this chapter a little more and had to redo a few steps and the vast amount of material covered between ch1 & 2 had me a little overwhelmed but as I sat with it longer it all started to click better

.

 

Chapter 3 Tutorials:

This chapter focused on how you can share your maps and the various ways you can share your data such as charts or graphs, pdf images for presentations, or actual web pages with interactive maps. This ArcGis.com part of this chapter was my favorite because it showed one of the end goals of doing all this work which is sharing your data in a way that you see fit. I didn’t know that Gis had a webpage that integrated with the softwares data which I thought was super cool as it makes it a lot easier to go through the steps necessary to present the info. I struggled a bit when I had to go back in and share my maps on my own but figured it out in the end. Im excited to see how else we use the Gis website with other data that we look at.

Chapter 1

This tutorial was a nice introduction into how to use all the features of ArcGIS, it was actually much simpler than I originally thought it would be. This chapter focused a lot on turning features on and off, toggling the contents, and basic stuff. I liked being able to walk through all the specific features, and it was very easy to absorb the material. The longest part about it was just going step by step and making sure I understood what features the chapter was describing. There were a few times where I had to go back and retrace my steps to make sure I did something correctly, but it got pretty fun after the first few pages.

I couldnt figure out how to make any of my screenshots not blurry, though, so I’ll have to go back and figure that out at some point.

 

Chapter 2:

This chapter was also pretty easy to follow. I liked getting to add color, and the sections of the map were cool to explore. The different parts of the zoning were really neat. Again, the step-by-step and the “your turn” sections helped me retain a lot of the info. I did get stuck a few times with labeling, but I just had to go back and read really carefully. I also liked how I could watch the progress of all the steps show up on the map. The tutorial 2 part also confused me because my files started to act really weird and not save anything, but I eventually figured it out. This part explained labeling features and configuring pop-ups, which I was confused by at first, but eventually I got the hang of it.

Chapter 3:

This chapter was probably the longest for me to follow along with, out of all the other tutorials. I am beginning to feel confident in figuring out GIS, even when I still do get pretty confused on certain parts of the tutorial. I mainly struggled to understand the wording, but after looking up where i got stuck, it was much easier.

 

I learned parts like how to create a story map, how to insert charts, and how to make a dashboard. When I had to get rid of the name, I also got kind of stuck. I did really like seeing all of the features in this tutorial, though. I definitely learned a lot through these tutorials, and I am glad they’re so precise!

This was all in all really cool and fun to learn about. I’m honestly just impressed with myself that I was able to get through this whole thing in one night while being sick. So from now on I will definitely be doing these at the start of the week so that if I ever catch a cold on thursday I don’t have to be sick and suffering through hours of GIS Friday night lol

 

Chapter 1

I found the straightforward walkthrough of the chapter extremely helpful in learning how to navigate the website. The chapter allowed me to navigate the different base layers and bookmarks in order to quickly access different features of the map that I needed. One key term that I found to be quite important was the word feature, which relates to a baseline quality to highlight different attributes of the map. Another would be Raster, which is an image made up of many small units called pixels, to make a much larger picture. A geodatabase is a folder that encompasses many other features and qualities of the map, which feels like an important term to know. Because of this chapter, I have become familiar with the top menu, which allows me to toggle between features in categories such as project, map, and more. It also taught me how to view the attribute table, which helps to put different boundaries into numerics, and you can even alter the formatting to show data more efficiently for your purposes. One question that had arisen for me when attempting to complete the tutorial was how to clear changes to a pre-existing column within the attribute table, as the option would become greyed out under certain circumstances. Overall, I had a positive experience with this chapter, and I appreciate how user-friendly it is. 

Chapter 2

The second chapter has helped me to better understand how to utilize the symbolism and color preferences within ArcGIS. Not only that, but it has also explained the purpose of making the features a variety of colors and symbols in order to help the viewer better understand the contents of the map. The chapter also helped me to become familiar with the different labelling options and how utilizing a variety of fonts and colors for labels helps to make the map cleaner and more organized for the viewer. One question I have is what the cutoff is for too many different types of labels, in terms of formatting? More of would the viewer be more confused by too many different types of labels? I could definitely tell with this chapter that I was getting more comfortable with going through different tabs and accessing different features on my own, which I think is partly by design of the chapter, where, at least from what I noticed, they started lessen the amount they walked me through how to do certain basic actions that I had been taught in the chapters prior. Using a big city like New York helped me to better visualize the variety of labeling that can be used, and it was helpful to learn how to toggle visibility for labels depending on the current zoom. I had become very well acquainted with the symbology tab and the different terms of single symbol, unique symbol, graduated symbols, and dot density, which all feature the same data but with different visualizations. 

Chapter 3

The third chapter delved deeper into the presentation aspect of the data, and how to do things such as format a layout to present information on a paper-like sample. I fear this was also one of the more difficult chapters thus far, as the tasks were less straightforward than those of mapping. I also found it interesting that it had also covered the aspect of creating storymaps to share with viewers. A story map is a type of online webpage that a user can post online to share map data and other topics of their choosing. One question I had when making the story map was where the catalog pane was, as within this chapter, I feel as though they were not as clear about that,t and I ended up having to look up how to find it. It also had me make a dashboard, which is another online visualization of map information, where it taught me how to create tables, pie charts, and bar charts. I found it quite interesting that I could edit so much of the map on the published online version, especially since it comes from such a large platform that a laptop typically can’t handle. The tutorial itself was mainly centered around Arts employment and cost of living wages throughout the U.S, and the clear way the data was presented made it intriguing to learn about.

Chapter 1

Chapter one introduced us to GIS and how to add projects, work with attribute tables, and change symbols and labels on maps. The chapter also taught us a few terms. A feature class is a “layer” on the map with vector data and corresponding attributes. A raster is an image made of pixels that can only be seen when zoomed in. A file geodatabase is a .gbd that stores feature classes, raster data, and other such files. A project is a .aprx that contains one or more maps and other related items. This chapter used a map with data on health care clinics, namely Urgent Care and FGHC clinics. The first tutorial went over how to apply a basemap, turn on and off and reorder layers, and export a map layout. I thought it was cool that GIS turns the map into a layout for you. The second tutorial taught us how to zoom in and out to specific features, bookmark a feature or location, and search for a specific feature. I am glad this tutorial taught us about zoom to full extent because in the last tutorial of the chapter, my map kept moving off-screen. The third tutorial went over attribute tables and summary statistics. I am still a little confused about these, but the textbook did a good job of teaching how to use them. I wish it had gone over what the acronyms, such as ZIPL, mean and what they are used for. The fourth tutorial taught us how to change symbols and labels. I am glad that the program offered so many different options for symbols, colors, and fonts. This chapter provided a very good introduction to using GIS, and as I went through the tutorials, I was able to find everything faster.

Chapter 2

In chapter two, we learned how to color-code features and change the symbols using symbology. I got a lot more comfortable with symbology in this chapter because we used it so much. We also learned how to label and use pop-ups. This chapter focused a lot on choropleth maps, which use color to represent numerical values. They use different methods, such as natural breaks and quantile classification, to display data. I was surprised at how many different colors it provides. The last thing we learned in the chapter was setting maximum and minimum scales. This allows you to only see specific labels at certain zooms, so that the map doesn’t get overcrowded with all the labels. This chapter became more vague with the instructions, which forced me to go back and review how to do certain things that I had forgotten. I am glad it did this because I got a lot more comfortable with doing certain tasks. It was really fun to get into how to make the maps look good and readable. This chapter had a lot more tutorials than the first, but I am glad because it provided a lot of examples. It was very interesting to be able to see and recognize patterns using the techniques from the tutorials, such as the relationship between food banks and people over 60 receiving food stamps.

Chapter 3

Chapter three was quite different from the first and second chapters. I didn’t enjoy it as much as the others, but it was cool to put what we had made into a format that people can learn from. In this chapter, we learned how to make layouts by putting two maps with a legend and title onto a blank document. It reminded me of Microsoft Word. It was cool to not only design layouts but also a “website” where we could showcase and provide the maps and data. It made me realize how much goes into creating something that the public can use. The debris overgrowth tutorial was really fun. There were so many little steps that went into every part of this chapter, so it was a little overwhelming but also interesting. I had difficulty with the pie chart, graph, and table because they wouldn’t load, so I only saw a spinning circle, but I can imagine that it looked good. Overall, this was an extremely in-depth chapter, and I learned that I definitely enjoy working with the actual data rather than how it looks online.

Okay, so that was really fun! I found that it didn’t take long for the steps to become intuitive. Having the step-by-step tutorial took all of the guesswork out of navigation, which was so nice because ArcGIS is chock-full of important features. I also appreciated how the book would explain multiple different ways to access software features. Some were more complicated than others but knowing all of them will be helpful in the long run.

Chapter 1 Tutorial:

This chapter of the GIS tutorial introduced basic ways to navigate ArcGIS with a map of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. It spent a lot of time exploring layers showing spatial distribution of FQHC clinics and “urgent care” clinics, and how they relate to population density and poverty risk areas.

I found myself making conjectures that were then confirmed by steps in the tutorial. For example, after overlaying the poverty risk area boundary with the service radii of both the FQHCs and “urgent care” clinics, I noticed that a small node of high population density and poverty risk was located outside of any health center radius. Then in the following step, the tutorial had me bookmark that area as the McKeesport Poverty Area.

Figure 1: The small red circle outlines the McKeesport Poverty Area.

After reading the first six chapters of Mitchell, I was nervous to do work with tables in ArcGIS because they seemed complicated. However, when all the information was supplied, I didn’t think it was difficult at all. I got used to sorting and editing field views quickly.

Figure 2: The census tract with the highest density in Allegheny County of 29,493 people per square mile.

I noticed that this area is only 0.075 square miles, which is really small! Looking at the tract area in square miles was helpful, because I initially envisioned 29,000 people living in that small area. I needed to keep in mind that the map measures population DENSITY, not raw population.

Chapter 2 Tutorial:
This tutorial chapter focused on a map of New York City and studied distribution of features like food facilities, people reliant on food stamps, and schools. Working with colors in this section was fun! I was able to familiarize myself with symbology with different shapes, graduated sizes, and color shading of map parcels.

Figure 1: graduated symbols for Number of Food Banks/Soup Kitchens (yellow) and Under 18 Receiving Food Stamps (purple) overlaid on a map of Over Age 60 Receiving Food Stamps in the Bronx. 

At first, I was a bit confused during Tutorial 2-5. At first, the purple graduated symbols were overlapping and overshadowing the yellow symbols. So, I moved “Number of Food Banks/Soup Kitchens” to the top of the Contents pane, and now I could see these yellow symbols outlined by the “Under 18 Receiving Food Stamps” purple symbols in the Bronx neighborhood. I noticed that, in the neighborhoods with more than 11,595 people over 60 on food stamps (in dark blue), there are also thousands of people under 18 on food stamps (larger purple symbols). And now that we can see the number of food banks/soup kitchens on top of the purple dots, we notice that there are small proportions of food facilities (in yellow).

In Tutorial 2-8, I appreciated the emphasis on definitions of large-scale and small-scale maps. Basically, the smaller the ratio, the smaller the scale, and the more zoomed-out the map will be. I’m still kind of developing the intuition for this, but while assigning feature layers visibility ranges, I was able to repeat this process without heavily consulting the tutorial.

Figure 2: A zoomed-out, small-scale view (1:47,409) of Manhattan. Visibility range for schools and neighborhoods is turned off.

Figure 3: Zoomed in, large-scale (1:19,419) view of Lower Manhattan. Visibility ranges for neighborhoods and schools (black dots) turned on.

Chapter 3 Tutorial:

This chapter focused on developing maps to share with the public on ArcGIS Online, with ArcGIS Story Maps and Dashboards. I have stumbled upon Story Maps before while doing research for other classes, and they seem to be pretty effective ways to present and discuss data!

In Tutorial 3-1, snapping the separate images of maps and legends onto the layout was so satisfying. The Guidelines feature was incredibly helpful, and it is going to inspire me to look for a similar feature in software I use for other classes.

Tutorial 3-3 demonstrated how to build ArcGIS StoryMaps. I found the editing interface of ArcGIS StoryMaps to be very intuitive. I probably made some minor formatting errors—there seemed to be a lot of white space—but for the most part, formatting text, maps, and images was pretty straightforward.

Figure 1: The Cost of Living Index map within the ArcGIS StoryMap. 

I liked how the tables and map information scrolled by while the map image remained on the screen. This layout makes comparisons on one screen super easy!

Tutorial 3-4 focused on turning maps and their data into interactive Dashboards. I found this software to be pretty easy to use as well, but I didn’t like it as much as StoryMaps.

Figure 2: completed Ground Crew Dashboard showing requests for debris and overgrowth removal. It is currently zoomed in on the Spring Hill City view, so the bar graph, pie chart, and table are showing data within this view alone.

The tutorials in this chapter emphasized the importance of creating effective map pop-ups as well. A person who will be using the map is going to want to be able to select areas of interest and receive all the information they need in a pop-up: nothing more, nothing less. The table in Figure contains all the fields that will show up in the pop-up when the user clicks on a specific green circle on the map.