Chapter 6 introduced spatiotemporal data, which connects information to both time and location, and showed how it’s used in real life GIS. I found it interesting how real-time data can support emergency response, environmental monitoring, and business operations. The chapter explained different types of spatiotemporal data, the role of IoT devices, and tools like ArcGIS Dashboards and time-enabled layers. It was really helpful to see how live data can be visualized and animated to track changes over time.