Hollinger Week 5

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Chapter 7 Comments, Notes, Questions

  1. The basic form of 3D GIS is 3D web scenes and scenes (these can have multiple layers)
    1. Layers: feature layers, map image layers, raster/vector tile layers, scene layers
    2. There are two types of scenes: (1) Photorealistic (recreates reality using photos to texture features) and (2) Cartographic (takes 2D thematic mapping techniques and applies them to 3D mapping)
    3. Displays: (1) Local (on a planar surface) and (2) Global (spherical surface)
  2. Main elements in scenes
    1. Surfaces: continuous measurements with x and y values for location
      1. DTM (digital terrain model), DEM (digital elevation model), and DSM (digital surface model)
    2. Features: live on, above, or below surfaces (operational layers)
    3. Textures: exterior or covers of your 3D feature
    4. Atmospheric Effects: for example, lighting or fog
  3. Web Scenes and Web Scene Layers
    1. 3D Object Scene Layers – represent and visualize 3D objects (can be created manually or automatically – procedural modeling)
    2. Building Scene Layers – visualize complex digital models of buildings and interact with their elements
      1. Structure: Overview, Discipline, Category, and Filter
    3. Integrated Mesh Scene Layers: turn raw drone imagery into valuable information and layers
    4. Point Cloud Scene Layers: display large volumes of symbolized point cloud data (usually collected from lidar or generated from Drone2Map)
    5. Point Scene Layers: display large amounts of point data not possible within a point feature layer
    6. Voxel Scene Layers: for multidimensional space and temporal data
  4. VR, XR, and the Metaverse
    1. VR: available through ArcGIS 360 VR and 3VR
    2. XR: real and virtual combined elements (inc. AR and MR)
    3. Metaverse: a network of 3D virtual worlds focused on social connections (includes real metaverses for working)
  5. Indoor 3D GIS
    1. Challenges: GPS doesn’t work well indoors, and space is often in complex 3D formats
    2. ArcIndoor components: ArcGIS Indoors for ArcGIS Pro, ArcGIS Indoors Viewer, Indoor Space Planner, ArcGIS Indoors for iOS and Andriod
  6. ArcGIS Urban
    1. Applies GIS technology to urban planning
    2. Main content types: plans, projects, indicators, and ideas
  7. ArcGIS GeoBIM
    1. ETL: requires ongoing maintenance, which is costly and difficult to scale
    2. BIM as 3D graphics: good quality visualizations, but eliminates BIM attribution, metadata, and georeferencing info
    3. ArcGIS GeoBIM: bridges the gap between GIS and BIM
      1. Provides organization and simple, streamlined communication between the 2.

Chapter 7 Application: For this application, I think I would like to make my own Fun Park. My favorite park from back home has walking trails, a lake, a marina, a library, a wildlife center, and lots of playgrounds, benches, and tables so, I think it would be fun to visualize it since there are so many different attributes and symbols I could customize. I’m also pretty sure they have a public GIS hub where I could get some type of point layer or map of the features to get me started, so I think it’s doable!

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