{"id":230,"date":"2012-11-05T16:34:18","date_gmt":"2012-11-05T20:34:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.owu.edu\/wolverton\/?page_id=230"},"modified":"2016-12-01T08:50:42","modified_gmt":"2016-12-01T13:50:42","slug":"overview-of-genetics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.owu.edu\/wolverton\/teaching\/cell-bio\/overview-of-genetics\/","title":{"rendered":"Overview of Genetics"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Links<\/h2>\n

Principles Module 39<\/a><\/p>\n

Objectives<\/h2>\n

Key points<\/h2>\n

Inheritance Before Mendel<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • blending: traits of parents would combine in offspring<\/li>\n
  • experience-dependent: traits modified through life, modified version passed to offspring<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Mendel’s approach<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • used garden pea as model organism<\/li>\n
    • identified and followed true breeding<\/em>\u00a0traits, meaning those that were uniform among offspring<\/li>\n
    • garden peas will self-pollinate naturally, but can also be manipulated to prevent this and forced to cross-pollinate<\/li>\n
    • quantified the results of hundreds of crosses through many generations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Summary of Observations<\/h3>\n
      \n
        \n
      • crossing true-breeding plants produced only 1 trait of the 2 in first generation<\/li>\n
          \n
        • crossing parent with green seeds with those having yellow seeds gave offspring with all yellow seeds<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        • the ‘missing’ trait would reappear in the second generation<\/li>\n
            \n
          • the offspring of the first generation produced mostly yellow-bearing seeds, but some with green seeds<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          • the reappearance of a missing trait disproved the other mechanisms of inheritance and led to Mendel’s theory of inheritance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Principle of Segregation<\/h3>\n
            \n
              \n
            • each offspring receives 2 alleles, 1 from each parent<\/li>\n
            • the process of the 2 alleles separating during gamete formation leads to each gamete receiving only 1 of the alleles<\/li>\n
            • one of the alleles tends to mask the other, acting in a dominant manner<\/li>\n
            • the other, recessive allele, is latent but not gone or blended out<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Vocabulary<\/h3>\n
              \n
                \n
              • trait<\/li>\n
              • gene<\/li>\n
              • allele<\/li>\n
              • genotype<\/li>\n
              • phenotype<\/li>\n
              • dominant<\/li>\n
              • recessive<\/li>\n
              • homozygous<\/li>\n
              • heterozygous<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

                In-class activities<\/h2>\n

                Questions for Practice<\/h2>\n
                  \n
                • Be able to provide a definition for each of the vocabulary terms.<\/li>\n
                • Provide an example result that demonstrates the principle of segregation.<\/li>\n
                • Why did Mendel choose pea plants as a model system? What were the benefits of this organism for the study of genetics?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  Links Principles Module 39 Objectives Key points Inheritance Before Mendel blending: traits of parents would combine in offspring experience-dependent: traits modified through life, modified version passed to offspring Mendel’s approach used garden pea as model organism identified and followed true breeding\u00a0traits, meaning those that were uniform among offspring garden peas will self-pollinate naturally, but can […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":0,"parent":447,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-230","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.owu.edu\/wolverton\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.owu.edu\/wolverton\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.owu.edu\/wolverton\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.owu.edu\/wolverton\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/40"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.owu.edu\/wolverton\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=230"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sites.owu.edu\/wolverton\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/230\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":512,"href":"https:\/\/sites.owu.edu\/wolverton\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/230\/revisions\/512"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.owu.edu\/wolverton\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/447"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.owu.edu\/wolverton\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}